Cholinergic Signaling Modulators

Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter present in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) across many species. It is one of several neurotransmitters in the autonomic nervous system and is the sole neurotransmitter used in the motor division of the somatic nervous system. ACh also serves as the primary neurotransmitter within autonomic ganglia. It activates signaling pathways at the neuromuscular junction and contributes to processes such as synaptic plasticity, arousal, reward, sensory perception, and attention.

Aladdin supplies a range of compounds that influence ACh activity:

· Darifenacin (D129992) – an M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.

· Donepezil Hydrochloride (D129948) – a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that extends ACh activity; used in Parkinson’s disease treatment.

· Pancuronium Bromide (P129976     P591008) and  Atracurium Besylate (A129655) – nonselective antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions; employed for muscle relaxation and anesthesia.

· Bupropion Hydrochloride (B129446) – an antidepressant and smoking cessation medication that acts as a noncompetitive antagonist at α3β2 and α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

· Mecamylamine Hydrochloride (M136896) – a broad-spectrum nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, primarily used in research on reward and reinforcement.

· Rivastigmine Hydrogen Tartrate (R129987) – an inhibitor of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase; used in dementia treatment and Alzheimer’s disease research models.

References:

Jones BE. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Nov;26(11):578-86.

Himmelheber AM, Sarter M, Bruno JP. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2000 Jun;9(3):313-25.

Chapple C. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Oct;23(10):2347-58.

Dubois B, Tolosa E, Katzenschlager R, et al. Mov Disord. 2012 Sep 1;27(10):1230-8.

Stankov-Jovanović VP, Nikolić-Mandić SD, Mandić LM, et al. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2006 Aug;385(8):1462-9.

Slemmer JE, Martin BR, Damaj MI. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):321-7.

Papke RL, Sanberg PR, Shytle RD. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 May;297(2):646-56.

Krall WJ, Sramek JJ, Cutler NR. Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Apr;33(4):441-50.

Aladdin: https://www.aladdinsci.com/