【阿拉丁】不可不知的化学试剂--格氏试剂

格氏试剂（Grignard Reagent）是指分子式为RMgX的有机镁卤化物，是一类常用的金属有机试剂。主要用于大多数羰基化合物中引入烷基，转变成相应的醇。利用格氏试剂合成烃、醇、醛、酮、羧酸等一系列有机化合物的这些反应称格氏反应。

制备

卤烃在无水乙醚或四氢呋喃中与镁作用生成有机金属镁化合物。

# 格氏试剂非常活泼，可以和空气中的氧、水、二氧化碳发生反应。因此，在制备时，需保持干燥及隔绝空气。

# 活性顺序：

当卤素相同时，烯丙基卤代烃>叔卤代烷>仲卤代烷>伯卤代烷>卤代芳烃；

当烷基相同时，R-I > R-Br > R-Cl

# 由于碘代烷最贵，而氯代烷的反应性最差，所以，实验室中采用溴代烷来合成格氏试剂居多

反应机理

在反应液中格氏试剂不只是以RMgX的形式单独存在，而是R：Mg，MgX ，(RMgX)n等多种物质的混合物，各物质在溶液中存在动态平衡。

格氏试剂和羰基化合物的反应，可能是通过两种机理实现：极性反应机理和自由基单电子转移机理。

低电子亲核力的底物和格氏试剂反应是通常是经过环状过渡态进行协同反应。空间位阻较大的底物和大位阻格氏试剂（CMg键较弱）更倾向于进行自由基机理，格氏试剂向底物进行电子转移引发反应。

主要反应

产品列表

产品号	中文名称	规格	Cas	包装
T121179	间甲苯基溴化镁溶液	1 M in Tetrahydrofuran	28987-79-3	100g,100mL,500mL,1L
B121189	仲丁基溴化镁	1M in Tetrahydrofuran	922-66-7	100g,500g
B301153	4-甲氧基-2-甲苯基溴化镁溶液	≧95%	148706-30-3	100mg
T141031	3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF		100mL
P300945	五氟苯基溴化镁	≧95%	879-05-0	100mL
B141035	3-溴苄基溴化镁溶液	0.25M in THF		100mL
D141038	2,3-二甲基苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	134640-85-0	100mL
T121180	（三甲基硅烷）甲基氯化镁溶液	1.0 M in diethyl ether	13170-43-9	100mL
D141039	2,5-二甲氧基苯基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	62890-98-6	100mL
F140694	3-氟-4-甲基苯基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	185077-02-5	100mL
M140700	2-甲基-1-萘基溴化镁	0.25 M solution in THF	21450-90-8	100mL
D141040	2,4-二甲氧基苯基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	138109-49-6	100mL
T189667	十四烷基氯化镁	1.0 M solution in THF ,MkSeal	110220-87-6	100mL
C141041	5-氯-2-甲氧基苯基溴化镁	0.50M in THF	419535-75-4	100mL
I141030	4-异丁基苯基溴化镁	0.5M in THF		100mL
P168892	五亚甲基双(溴化镁) 溶液		23708-48-7	100mL
O140656	十八烷基氯化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	116980-66-6	100mL
F140698	5-氟-2-甲基苯基溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	186496-59-3	100mL
D141042	2,2-二甲基丙基氯化镁溶液	1.0 M in THF	13132-23-5	100mL
F140731	4-氟-2-甲基苯基镁溴化物	0.5 M solution in THF	30897-90-6	100mL
T141033	4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	169222-42-8	100mL
T299176	（三甲基硅烷）甲基氯化镁溶液	1mol/L in Tetrahydrofuran	13170-43-9	100mL
B141037	2-溴苄基溴化镁溶液	0.25M in THF	56812-60-3	100mL
A110248	4-甲氧基苯基溴化镁	1M in THF	13139-86-1	100mL,500mL,1L
B107834	叔丁基氯化镁	1.0 M in THF	677-22-5	100mL,500mL,1L
I137886	异丁基氯化镁	2.0 M in THF	5674-02-2	100mL,500mL,1L
P 103163	苯基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	100-58-3	100mL,500mL,1L
P121175	戊基溴化镁溶液	1.0M in THF	693-25-4	100mL,500mL,1L
C140719	3-氯苯基溴化镁	0.5M solution in THF	36229-42-2	25mL,100mL,500mL
C111412	环戊基溴化镁	1mol/L in THF	33240-34-5	25mL,100mL,500mL,1L
O121126	辛基溴化镁溶液	2.0 M in diethyl ether	17049-49-9	100mL,500mL
A110229	烯丙基溴化镁	1.0 M in diethyl ether	1730-25-2	100mL,500mL
T121178	邻甲苯基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in Tetrahydrofuran	932-31-0	100mL,500mL
B110312	仲丁基氯化镁	2.0M in THF	15366-08-2	100mL,500mL
D140764	3,5-二氟苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	62351-47-7	100mL,500mL
P140792	十五烷基溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	78887-70-4	100mL,500mL
F137861	4-氟苯基溴化镁	1.0 M in MeTHF	352-13-6	100mL,500mL
A299170	烯丙基溴化镁	1.0M in THF	1730-25-2	100mL,500mL
C121233	环己基氯化镁溶液	1.0 M in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran	931-51-1	100mL,500mL
D140690	癸基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in diethyl ether	17049-50-2	100mL,500mL
I121226	异丙基氯化镁氯化锂络合物	1.3 M in THF	745038-86-2	100mL,500mL
M137849	2-甲氧苯基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in 2-MeTHF	16750-63-3	100mL,500mL
P140750	3-戊烷溴化镁	2.0 M in diethyl ether	4852-26-0	100mL,500mL
M140783	甲基碘化镁	3.0 M in diethyl ether	917-64-6	100mL,500mL
D299172	十二烷基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran	15890-72-9	100mL,500mL
E107829	乙基氯化镁	2.0M solution in THF	2386-64-3	100mL,500mL,1L
P137858	1-丙炔溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	16466-97-0	25mL,100mL,500mL
D140683	十二烷基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in diethyl ether	15890-72-9	100mL,500mL,800mL
M130050	甲基溴化镁	3.0 M solution in Diethyl ether	75-16-1	100mL,500mL,800mL
E137848	乙炔基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	4301-14-8	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
E168794	4-乙基苯基溴化镁溶液		22873-28-5	50mL,100mL
D195706	3,4-二甲氧基苯基溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF, MkSeal	89980-69-8	50mL,100mL
T140791	对甲苯基氯化镁	2.0 M solution in THF	696-61-7	100mL,800mL
H141025	己基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	3761-92-0	100mL,250mL,500mL,800mL
N140702	2-萘溴化镁溶液	0.5 M solution in THF	21473-01-8	100mL,500mL,800mL
B140651	3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	112981-69-8	100mL,500mL,800mL
B141028	苄基氯化镁	2.0 M in THF	6921-34-2	100mL,500mL,800mL
B300690	碘化镁乙醚络合物(易制毒)	0	29054-07-7	1g
E137873	乙炔基氯化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	65032-27-1	1L
F109458	3-氟苯基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in THF	17318-03-5	100mL,500mL,1L
M140713	3-甲氧基苯基溴化镁	1.0M 四氢呋喃溶液	36282-40-3	100mL,500mL,1L
C115964	环丙基溴化镁	1mol/L in THF	23719-80-4	100mL,500mL,1L
B110228	3-丁烯溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	7103-09-5	100mL,500mL,1L
M130052	甲基溴化镁	1.0 M solution in THF	75-16-1	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
T121101	对甲苯基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	4294-57-9	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
P107833	苯基氯化镁	2.0 M in tetrahydrofuran	100-59-4	100mL,500mL,1L
B106922	苄基氯化镁	1.0M in THF	6921-34-2	100mL,500mL,1L
I115797	异丙烯溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	13291-18-4	100mL,500mL,1L
I121129	异丙基溴化镁溶液	2.9M in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran	920-39-8	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
I129155	异丙基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	920-39-8	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
I107831	异丙基氯化镁	2.0 M in THF	1068-55-9	100mL,250mL,500mL,800mL,1L
O299169	辛基溴化镁溶液	1.0M in Tetrahydrofuran	17049-49-9	250g
D140723	3,5-二甲苯基溴化镁	0.5M 四氢呋喃溶液	34696-73-6	250mL
P137863	丙基溴化镁	2M in THF	927-77-5	100mL,250mL
B107759	正丁基氯化镁	2.0 M in THF	693-04-9	100mL,250mL,500mL,1L
B107835	叔丁基氯化镁	2.0 M in diethyl ether	677-22-5	100mL,250mL,500mL
C140647	5-氯-2-噻吩基溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	111762-30-2	25mL,100mL
M140715	4-甲氧基苄基氯化镁	0.25 M in THF	38769-92-5	25mL,100mL
D107828	2,5-二甲基苯基溴化镁 (1M THF溶液)	2M in THF	30897-86-0	25mL,100mL,500mL
B115959	苄基溴化镁	1mol/L in THF	1589-82-8	25mL,100mL,500mL
M121223	2-甲基烯丙基氯化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	5674-01-1	25mL,4×25mL,100mL,500mL,1L
P137874	丙基氯化镁	1.0M in MeTHF	2234-82-4	100mL,500mL
A107299	氯丙烯镁	1.0M in THF	2622-05-1	100mL,500mL
P110287	丙基氯化镁	2.0M in THF	2234-82-4	100mL,500mL
B140704	2-丁烯基氯化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	22649-70-3	100mL,500mL
M141043	1-甲基-2-丙烯基氯化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	21969-32-4	100mL,500mL
T140697	4-硫代苯甲醚溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	18620-04-7	100mL,500mL
E107752	乙基溴化镁	3.0 M in diethyl ether	925-90-6	100mL,500mL
C121232	环己基氯化镁	2.0 M in diethyl ether	931-51-1	100mL,500mL
M141044	2-甲基-2-苯丙基氯化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	35293-35-7	100mL,500mL
M299174	甲基碘化镁	1.0 M solution in THF	917-64-6	100mL,500mL
F137869	3-氟苯基溴化镁溶液	1.0M in MeTHF	17318-03-5	100mL,500mL
O140735	1-辛基氯化镁	1.4 M solution in THF	38841-98-4	100mL,500mL
B140730	4-联苯溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	3315-91-1	100mL,500mL
H121181	己基溴化镁溶液	2.0 M in diethyl ether	3761-92-0	100mL,500mL
M140778	1-甲基-1-丙烯基溴化镁	0.5M 四氢呋喃溶液	85676-85-3	100mL,500mL
C140721	(环己基甲基)溴化镁	0.5 M solution in THF	35166-78-0	100mL,500mL
I121177	异丁基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in THF	926-62-5	100mL,500mL
E107753	乙基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	925-90-6	100mL,500mL,1L
T140729	邻甲苯基氯化镁	1.0M solution in THF	33872-80-9	100mL,500mL,1L
B140769	4-叔丁基苯基溴化镁	2.0 M in diethyl ether	63488-10-8	50mL,100mL,500mL
F140687	4-氟苄基氯化镁	0.25 M solution in diethyl ether		50mL,100mL,500mL,800mL
H121187	1-己基氯化镁溶液	2.0 M in THF	44767-62-6	100mL,500mL,800mL
M119433	甲基氯化镁溶液	3.0 M in THF	676-58-4	100mL,500mL,1L
H110247	正庚基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	13125-66-1	100mL,250mL,500mL,1L
B140728	3-联苯溴化镁	0.5M in THF	103068-18-4	25mL,100mL,500mL
C137862	环丙基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	23719-80-4	25mL,100mL,500mL,1L
F299177	4-氟苄基氯化镁	0.25 M in THF	1643-73-8	50mL
F165978	3-氟-4-甲氧苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	112780-67-3	50mL
F137868	3-氟苯基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	17318-03-5	50mL
C170536	3-氯-5-氟苯基溴化镁溶液		480438-50-4	50mL,100mL
F137870	4-氟-3-甲基苯基溴化镁溶液	1.0 M in THF	82297-89-0	50mL,100mL,500mL,800mL
N140777	1-萘基溴化镁	0.25 M in THF	703-55-9	5mL
M130051	甲基溴化镁	3.0 M solution in 2-Methyl-THF	75-16-1	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
F109413	4-氟苯基溴化镁	1.0 M in THF	352-13-6	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
V107234	氯乙烯基镁	1.6 M in THF	3536-96-7	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
V107233	乙烯基溴化镁	1.0M in THF	1826-67-1	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L,
I140753	异丁基氯化镁	2.0 M solution in Diethyl ether	5674-02-2	25mL,800mL
B140768	4-叔丁基苯基溴化镁	0.5 M in THF	63488-10-8	100mL,500mL,800mL
M141032	2-甲基-1-丙烯基溴化镁溶液	0.5 M in THF	38614-36-7	100mL,500mL,800mL
C115961	环己基溴化镁	1mol/L in THF	931-50-0	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
E130053	乙基溴化镁	2.0 M solution in THF	925-90-6	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L
C110286	4-氯苯基溴化镁	1M in THF	873-77-8	100mL,500mL,800mL,1L

July 29, 2020 | View: 2154 | Categories: 特色产品专题 | Tags: <a class="mp-info" href="https://mgt-en248.env.aladdin-e.com/zh_cn/blog/tag/grignardreagent">格氏试剂</a>, <a class="mp-info" href="https://mgt-en248.env.aladdin-e.com/zh_cn/blog/tag/Grignard">Grignard</a> | By: <a class="mp-info" href="https://mgt-en248.env.aladdin-e.com/zh_cn/blog/author/n-a">aladdin</a>