Vibration-damping, fire-retardant, smoke-suppressing, and anti-dripping bio-based polyurethane composites enabled by functionalized UiO-66-NH2 nanomaterials

As we all know, in the field of safety protection, it is crucial to develop protective materials with fire-retardant and vibration-damping properties. However, it is a challenging task to integrate different properties into a single polymer. To meet this challenge, we successfully developed a functionalized nano flame retardant (UiO-66-NH 2 @DOPO) by modifying UiO-66-NH 2 with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). This flame retardant was then incorporated into a porous polyurethane foam (MPUF) synthesized from a bio-based polyol, resulting in a bio-based MPUF composite with excellent vibration-damping, fire-retardant, smoke-suppressing, and anti-dripping properties. Due to the intumescent fire-retardant system formed by UiO-66-NH 2 and DOPO, when the additional amount of UiO-66-NH 2 @DOPO reached 25 %, the LOI value of the MPUF composite material was increased to 31.2 %, and the total smoke production (TSP) was reduced by 80.64 %. In addition, it obtained a V-0 rating in the UL94 test and exhibited excellent anti-dripping properties. In addition, owing to the reinforcement effect and stress dissipation of UiO-66-NH 2 @DOPO, the MPUF composites exhibited excellent energy dissipation and vibration-damping properties (maximum loss factor of 1.32 at 1.0 Hz). This new bio-based MPUF composite material has broad application prospects. It can become an innovative self-supporting vibration-damping and protective material in sports, transportation, and aerospace.