Ultrafast synthesis of L-His-Fe3O4 nanozymes with enhanced peroxidase-like activity for effective antibacterial applications

Background: Bacterial resistance remains a significant challenge, necessitating the development of new antibacterial strategies. This study introduces a rapidly synthesized L-histidine- Fe3O4 (L-His-Fe3O4) nanozyme with enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity, designed to improve antibacterial efficacy and accelerate the healing of bacteria-infected wounds.Methods: We successfully synthesized L-His-Fe3O4 using an ultrafast, room-temperature synthesis method, and observed its anti-infection effect and explored its anti-infection mechanism through in vivo and in vitro antibacterial experiments.Results: We produced L-His-Fe3O4 cost-effectively while preserving L-His, which was essential for its catalytic and antibacterial functions. The resulting nanozyme demonstrated exceptional antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. In vivo experiments revealed that L-His-Fe3O4 outperformed vancomycin in reducing bacterial viability and effectively promoting wound healing, all while maintaining excellent biosafety with no adverse effects on blood or liver functions.Discussion: These findings highlight the potential of L-His-Fe3O4 for large-scale production and practical use in treating bacterial infections, offering a promising approach to combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens.