Removal of chlorpheniramine maleate by electrochemical reduction at Pd/CGC/Al2O3 membrane electrode: Performance and mechanism

The efficiency of an electrocatalytic system with filtered Pd-loaded membrane electrodes was investigated to improve the mass transfer process of the electrocatalytic system. A Pd/CGC/Al 2 O 3 membrane electrode (5 mg·cm −2 graphite + 10 wt% graphene + 5 wt% carbon black) was prepared on the tubular Al 2 O 3 membrane substrate. The results showed that the membrane electrode could realize the complete removal of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) 120 min. Furthermore, the Pd/CGC/Al 2 O 3 membrane electrode exhibited good tolerance to sulfites, and the electrocatalytic activity was almost unaffected in the presence of NO 3 – , Cl − , CO 3 2– , and HCO 3 – in the wastewater. The Pd/CGC/Al 2 O 3 membrane electrode surface was interconnected to form a three-dimensional porous membrane structure through the introduction of carbon materials. The membrane electrode had a larger specific surface area and the metal Pd nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on the surface of CGC/Al 2 O 3 tubular electrode. Combined with the analysis of quenching experimental data, the removal mechanism of CPM on Pd/CGC/Al 2 O 3 membrane electrode was proposed. The Pd/CGC/Al 2 O 3 membrane electrode had good stability over 7 cycles and could be adapted to the electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorinated PPCPs in different environments, which is promising for certain applications.