Rapid hemostatic covered stent with drug-loaded gelatin-alginate/PVDF Janus composite membrane for coronary artery perforation

The implantation of covered stents has significantly contributed much to the rescue treatment of coronary artery perforation (CAP). The ability to achieve rapid hemostasis in cases of severe coronary artery perforation using covered stents alone has so far been elusive. Here, we investigate a Janus composite covered stent for rapid hemostasis in CAP. The covered stent has the dual functions of sealing perforation and rapid hemostasis, which is suitable for the rescue of CAP. This achievement is realized by assembling the tough polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and the drug-loaded hemostatic coating, thereby amalgamating their distinct functionalities. The PVDF membrane served as a physical shield that prevented blood leakage and blocked procoagulant drugs from forming the thrombus in the vessel. Meanwhile, the drug-loaded hemostatic coating, when in contact with the perforation area, swiftly procoagulant. The in vitro cytocompatibility and coagulation property tests demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic performance of the Janus composite covered stent. The approach is applicable across almost all sizes of common bare stents in clinical, which has great potential for the rescue of CAP.