Polydopamine-assisted zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks@enzyme composite modification of polyethylene terephthalate fibers to form anti-adhesive surfaces

The process of bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation is a global challenge in terms of health and economy. In this study, we employed a simple impregnation method to achieve antibacterial adhesion on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric. The metal–organic frameworks (MOF)@enzyme composites demonstrated firmly attached adhesion to the PET fabric surface due to the exceptional adhesion properties of dopamine (DA). The surface morphology and microstructure of the modified PET fiber were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technologies, and a water contact angle test. The results showed that MOF@enzyme nanoparticles were deposited on the fiber surface, resulting in significant changes in the surface morphology of the modified fibers. The surface hydrophilicity was also increased with the reduction of the water contact angle from 112.5° to 36.2°. The PET fabric coated with the MOF enzyme complex exhibits significant antibacterial adhesion capabilities against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). In addition, the modified PET fabric demonstrated excellent storage stability, maintaining an anti-adhesion rate of over 70% even after 30 days of storage. Moreover, the rate of erythrocyte hemolysis is less than 2.5%, indicating that the fabric exhibits excellent blood compatibility and biocompatibility. This study provides a novel approach for the biomedical application of PET fabrics. Graphical abstract