Phospholipid membrane-encapsulated perovskite quantum dots electrospun glass cellulose membrane-based fluorescence and visual two-channel detection of breath ammonia for patients infected with Helicobacter pylori

Breath ammonia detection is a promising non-invasive method for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infections. However, existing breath ammonia vapor detection techniques face challenges, including high costs, prolonged processing times, complex procedures, and limited selectivity. This study presents a novel sensor based on phospholipid membrane-encapsulated perovskite quantum dots, integrated onto a glass cellulose membrane using electrospinning. The developed sensor undergoes a substitution reaction with ammonia, causing a significant decrease in fluorescence intensity and a visible color change from yellow to colorless. Consequently, a high-sensitivity and high-selectivity sensor for fluorescent quenching and visual detection of breath ammonia vapor was established. The sensor shows a limit of detection of 0.22 ppm, with linear correlations between fluorescence intensity, RGB color changes and ammonia concentration. Compared to traditional perovskite quantum dots, the sensor exhibits enhanced water stability and extended fluorescence lifetime. Additionally, it features rapid response, high stability, and excellent selectivity for ammonia. This sensor demonstrates promising potential for non-invasive detection of Helicobacter pylori infections, offering a new approach for fluorescence-based and visual detection of breath ammonia.