Manganese doping in zinc based hybrid metal halides to realize highly stable efficient green emission and flexible radiation detection

Extensive studies have been conducted on hybrid metal halides due to their application in radiation detection, solid-state lighting, and solar cells. Here, we present an environmentally friendly zero-dimensional halide, (C 9 H 15 N 3 )ZnBr 4 , which crystallizes in the P 2 1 / c space group. This compound is highly thermally stable, and doping Mn 2+ results in a bright green light emission, with an impressive internal quantum efficiency of 52.9 % and an external quantum efficiency of 45.9 % for (C 9 H 15 N 3 )Mn 0.3 Zn 0.7 Br 4 . Combining spectroscopic analysis with first-principles density functional theory (DFT), it is concluded that the high external quantum efficiency arises from efficient energy transfer from the organic component to the [MnBr 4 ] 2- . Notably, the (C 9 H 15 N 3 )Mn 0.3 Zn 0.7 Br 4 luminescence intensity maintains 50 % of its room temperature level even at 400 K. Moreover, these doped powders display exceptional scintillation performance, higher than Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 . Finally, the radioluminescence intensity of (C 9 H 15 N 3 )Mn 0.3 Zn 0.7 Br 4 @polydimethylsiloxane flexible films is about three times that of Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 . These features position Mn:(C 9 H 15 N 3 )ZnBr 4 as an ideal material for X-ray detection and an efficient green photoluminescent material.