Long-term and high electric output moist-electric generator driven by all electrospun nanofiber-based Janus architecture

Moist-electric power generation is an emerging energy technology that collects energy from the environment and converts it into electrical energy through the interaction of moisture with materials. Although most of the moist-electric generators (MEGs) have achieved continuous breakthroughs in open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) and duration at present, it has been proven to be a challenge to maintain a continuous relatively high short-circuit current ( I SC ). Herein, electrospun nanofiber-based Janus heterogeneous film with both moisture absorption and moisture evaporation characteristics is prepared, and excellent power output performance MEGs have been fabricated by setting perforated electrode at each side respectively. Results have demonstrated the Janus nanofiber moist-electric generator (JFMEG) can generate a V OC of 0.6 V with a continuous power generation time of up to 30 d and a maximum I SC of about 44 μA cm −2 at 95% relative humidity. In addition, the I SC maintenance time above 10 μA cm −2 is close to 40 h. The integrated device can power commercial equipment and can be used for self-powered breath detection. Additionally, the self-powered field-effect transistor by JFMEG has been fabricated, demonstrating excellent output characteristics. The detailed working mechanism of JFMEG and the influencing factors of power generation performance are systematically analyzed, which can provide reference for the performance improvement of similar moist-electric devices.