Highly durable hollow sandwich MXene/h-AgNWs/ANF composite films for exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding performance

Multi-functional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are crucial for advanced electronic devices, requiring low thickness, exceptional shielding performance, and stability, especially in extreme conditions. In this study, the hollow sandwich MXene/h-AgNWs/ANF (AMAgMA) composite films were fabricated via template sacrificing method and layer-by-layer vacuum assisted filtration. Specifically, the hollow MXene was created using PMMA as the template, together with AgNWs for the conductive layer, while ANF provided stability and high temperature resistance as the protective layer. The optimized EMI shielding efficiency (SE) reached 88.2 dB for a film thickness of 93 μm, with an SSE/t value of 18160 dB cm 2 ·g −1 , which was attributed to the hollow structure and continuous double conductive network design. Remarkably, EMI SE of the films maintained even after 70 days of exposure to oxidation, acid, alkali, salt, and ultrasonic treatment thanks to the sandwich design. Additionally, the composite films displayed excellent heat transfer and thermal stability (530 °C), alongside notable flame retardancy and self-extinguishing properties. The superior EMI shielding performance and stability in extreme environments suggest a promising application potential in advanced electronics.