Fluorine-doped carbon coating of LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4 enabling high-rate and long-lifespan cathode for lithium-ion batteries

The limited electron and ionic conductivity, along with the sluggish kinetics caused by the Jahn-Teller effect of Mn 3+ , impose constraints on the electrochemical performance of LiFe x Mn 1-x PO 4 . Herein, the surface of LiFe 0.5 Mn 0.5 PO 4 (LFMP) is modified with a F-doped carbon using the solvothermal and calcination methods. The incorporation of F-doped carbon coating, along with the formation of interfacial F-Li, F-Fe and F-Mn bonds between the carbon layer and LFMP nanoparticles, significantly mitigates charge transfer resistance, facilitates rapid electron transfer, as well as enhances Li + diffusion kinetics. The LFMP@C-F2 cathode prepared in this study exhibits an unexceptionable capacity retention of 90.5 % after 300 cycles at a low rate of 0.2C and a capacity retention of 78.8 % over 1000 cycles at a high rate of 1C. When incorporated into the solid battery configuration (Li/PEO-LATP CSE/LFMP@C-F2), it exhibits an initial discharge specific capacity of 148 mAh g −1 and maintains a capacity retention of 85.8 % after 60 cycles at 0.1C, thereby offering an innovative approach to enhance the performance of LFMP in terms of cycling stability and rate capacity in lithium-ion batteries, as well as to apply LFMP into solid-state lithium batteries.