E-PL/MnO2 nanozymes/gellan gum/hyaluronic acid-based multifunctional hydrogel to promote diabetic wound healing

The development of multifunctional hydrogels, especially hydrogels with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, plays a crucial role in the effective healing of diabetic wounds. This work proposed a novel composite hydrogel with the oxidized gellan gum (O-GG) and hyaluronic acid (HA) as the hydrogel matrix, and the crosslinking was realized via the Ca 2+ . ε-polylysine/MnO 2 nanozymes (EM) offered antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the corresponding composite hydrogels. The results verified that the O-GG/HA@EM hydrogel exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and injectability. The CCK-8 data indicated that the proliferation rate of mouse fibroblasts reached 314.58 % after three days of coculture with the hydrogel. The hydrogel effectively alleviated oxidative stress and hypoxic microenvironments in wounds, inhibited bacterial infection, and promoted angiogenesis, thereby significantly accelerating the healing process of diabetic wounds. Data from a mouse diabetic wound model revealed that the wound closure rate in the sample group reached 92.4 % after 14 days. This composite hydrogel provides a novel and effective solution for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds.