Enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency with stereoscopic hydrogel evaporators and renewable energy integration for sustainability

Enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency through innovative technologies is paramount in addressing global environmental challenges. This study explores utilizing stereoscopic hydrogel evaporators combined with renewable energy sources to optimize wastewater treatment processes. A cross-linked super absorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogel was synthesized using acrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomers and integrated with a light-absorbing carbon membrane to form a solar-assisted evaporator (MSAP). The MSAP achieved a high evaporation rate of 3.08 kg·m –2 ·h –1 and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 94.27%. It demonstrated excellent removal efficiency for dye-polluted wastewater, significantly reducing concentrations of pollutants. The MSAP maintained high performance in outdoor conditions, showcasing its potential for real-world applications. This approach, incorporating both solar and wind energy, significantly boosts water evaporation rates and presents a promising, eco-friendly solution for sustainable wastewater treatment within the circular development framework.