Electro–centrifugal spinning of core–sheath composite yarns with micro/nano structures for self–powered sensing

In recent years, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered extensive attention in the realm of self-powered sensors due to their capability to harness low-frequency mechanical energy. Among these, textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator stands out as a pivotal platform for wearable sensing. Nevertheless, conventional approaches, such as directly coating triboelectric materials on fabrics, often compromise the inherent properties. In this study, we utilized our self-developed electro-centrifugal spinning equipment to continuously fabricate core-sheath yarns with micro/nano structures, resulting in the development of pocket-shaped fabric-based (PF) TENGs. This innovative design preserves the original softness and breathability of the fabric while delivering substantial electrical output owing to its layered structure and extensive specific surface area. PF–TENGs can accurately detect electrical output signals from various motion states. This electro–centrifugal spinning technology offers new research directions and sensing application prospects for self-powered smart textile development.