Dynamically adjustable absorbing performance under electrical stimulation and multifunctional integration of hybrid reduced graphene oxide/carbon foam

Recently, in response to the rapid development of detection technologies, significant attention has been focused on intelligent stimuli-responsive stealth materials that feature dynamically adjustable electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption performance. External electrical stimulation has emerged as the optimal choice for active adjustments among various stimuli-responsive behaviors due to its easy accessibility and precise controllability. However, developing high-performance electrical-stimuli-responsive EM wave absorption materials is still in its infancy. In this study, novel hybrid graphene-based foams were fabricated through a multistage assembly process, achieving outstanding absorption performance. The optimal reflection loss ( RL ) recorded was −51.87 dB at 12.73 GHz, accompanied by the broadest effective absorption bandwidth ( EAB ) of 7.8 GHz. Importantly, under an external electrical field — as elucidated by simultaneous stimulation results — the absorption performance (the optimal RL ) exhibits a maximum amplitude variation of 18.83 %. Additionally, hybrid foams efficiently integrate other crucial properties such as hydrophobicity, thermal insulation, and flame retardance, enhancing their application and serviceability. Consequently, our work introduces an innovative approach for fabricating intelligent EM wave absorption materials capable of real-time dynamic EM camouflage in complex environments.