An adaptive-conforming biodegradable flexible power supply based on continuous glucose oxidation

This paper reports an adaptive degradable flexible power supply. The power supply is produced using a batch-printed, easy-to-operate screen-printing technique that converts the chemical energy of glucose and oxygen into electricity. The power supply has stable current and voltage outputs in vitro, delivering a consistent open circuit potential of 0.2 V in vitro. Due to the flexibility and degradability of the power supply, the power supply can be implanted anywhere in the tissue. This breaks through the limitation of location, for example, mechanical energy harvesters can only be implanted in places with frequent movements. And due to the degradable nature of the power supply, surgical resection is avoided. Glucose and oxygen are ubiquitous and abundant in interstitial fluid. The in vivo experimental results prove that the power supply can power the light-emitting diode and have a stable current output. Therefore, the power supply is expected to provide internal power for implantable devices, avoiding transmission from external sources such as radio frequency.