A molecularly imprinted near-infrared electrochemiluminescence sensor based on copper nanowires and signal dual-amplification strategy for the sensitive detection of enrofloxacin

Enrofloxacin (ENR) residues in animal derived foods are harmful to human health. A molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor was constructed for ENR detection utilizing a self-enhanced quasi-three-dimensional luminescent-composite of boron nitride quantum dots/nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon crosslinked with copper nanowires (BNQDs/NMC-CuNWs). One-dimensional CuNWs with near-infrared electrochemiluminescence (NIR-ECL) properties were inserted into the electroactive layer of two-dimensional NMC to form quasi-three-dimensional NMC-CuNWs, which inhibited the aggregation of CuNWs and increased the electron and active ion transport rates. BNQDs were also embedded into the NMC-CuNWs network as co-reactant accelerators and antioxidants. A molecularly imprinted polymer containing bifunctional monomers enabled the specific detection of ENR. The detection range of ENR was 1.00 × 10 −9 –5.00 × 10 −5  mol L −1 , with a low limit of detection (3.33 × 10 −10  mol L −1 ). The recovery rate of ENR was 83.92 %–94.56 %, which is consistent with the high-performance liquid chromatography results. This work offers new ideas for detecting hazardous substances in the NIR-ECL field.