3D printing nacre powder/sodium alginate scaffold loaded with PRF promotes bone tissue repair and regeneration

Bone defect is a common complication of bone diseases, which often affects the quality of life and mental health of patients. The use of biomimetic bone scaffolds loaded with bioactive substances has become a focal point in the research on bone defect repair. In this study, composite scaffolds resembling bone tissue were created using nacre powder (NP) and sodium alginate (SA) through 3D printing. These scaffolds exhibit several physiological structural and mechanical characteristics of bone tissue, such as suitable porosity, appropriate pore size, applicable degradation performance of bone regeneration and reaching the mechanical requirements of cancellous bone etc. Then, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), containing a mass of growth factors, was loaded on the NP/SA scaffolds.This aims to fully maximize the synergistic effect with NP , thereby accelerating bone tissue regeneration. Overall, this study marks the first instance of preparing a bionic bone structure scaffold containing NP by 3D printing technology, which combined with PRF to further accelerate bone regeneration.These findings offer a new treatment strategy for bone tissue regeneration in clinical applications.