In-situ synthesis of phosphorus-doped graphene paper with adenosine triphosphate and its application for intelligent fire warning

Design of intelligent sensors for detecting early fire warning before combustion is a challenging for the fire safety. Herein, a nacre-biomimetic paper based on graphene oxide (GO) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was fabricated via a low-temperature evaporation assembly approach. Then the fire-alarm sensor was designed according to the high temperature thermal reduction properties of GO. The GO-ATP paper exhibited a well-organized ‘‘brick and mortar” structure due to the presence of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction interaction between GO and ATP molecules. The paper containing 50 wt% of ATP presented a rapid flame detection response (1.36 s) and a long continuous alarm time (1300 s) due to in-situ phosphorus doping and the honeycomb-like char forming during fire exposure. Moreover, the GO-ATP-50 also exhibited flexibility, flame retardant performance, heat insulation ability and char-forming properties. This work provides a bright application prospect for fire safety and prevention of combustible materials.