A High-Performance Non-Enzymatic Sensor Based on Nickel Foam Decorated with Co-CdIn2O4 Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Detection of Glucose and Its Application in Human Serum

Glucose concentration is an essential evaluation index for many diseases, so it is highly essential to develop a reliable sensor for quantitative glucose measurement. In this paper, based on the high conductivity of CdIn2O4, fast electron transfer rate and excellent electrocatalytic activity of transition metal Co, Co-CdIn2O4 is directly in situ grown on nickel foam conductive substrate, which has sizeable active surface area and three-dimensional interconnected properties by a simple non-aqueous sol-gel method. A series of electrochemical experiments proved that Co-CdIn2O4 material has better electrocatalytic activity than CdIn2O4. According to the detection results, it can be seen that Co-CdIn2O4/NF electrochemical sensor has high detection sensitivity for glucose, which is 13857 μA·mM−1·cm−2, a rapid response time of 1.56 s. The wide linear range of glucose is from 1–1 × 103 μM, and a low detection limit of 0.08 μM. At the same time, the prepared sensor also showed good selectivity and long-term stability. The recovery rates of glucose quantitative test in human serum samples are between 101.4% and 103.3%. All the above results demonstrate that the Co-CdIn2O4/NF sensor has promising usages in the direction of non-enzymatic glucose sensing.