Comprehensive temperature-stable energy storage performance in core-shell structural Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3@SrSn0.1Ti0.9O3-(Bi2O3-B2O3-SiO2) composites via morphology engineering

In this paper, morphology engineering was developed to optimize the overall temperature-stable energy storage performance of ceramic capacitors. First, SrSn 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3 (SST) particles were coated on Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NBT) rods to form "core-shell" NBT@SST rods by a co-precipitation method to improve the relaxor behavior. And the rods were compounded with the Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (BBS) glass to dense into NBT@SST-BBS composites. The nanorods morphology of ceramic grains can increase the charge storage sites to induce higher polarization value. The moderate- ε r SST shell with highly lattice matching could lower the interfacial polarization between ceramic and glass phase so as to boost the breakdown strength. Comparatively, composites with nanorod morphology can reach the highest recoverable energy density of 2.19 J/cm 3 at 229 kV/cm with superior temperature stability ( Δε/ε 150 ° C  ≤ 15% at 30–395 °C). We hope this work will give guidance to fabricate the next-generation dielectric capacitors through morphology engineering.