1D-3D biological template loaded NiCo nanowires at high temperatures as a broadband, lightweight electromagnetic wave absorbing material

To meet the requirements of electromagnetic radiation control, especially broadband and high temperature resistance, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials (EWAMs) have been intensively studied. In this work, NiCo NWs were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method . The composite has a one-dimensional(1D) NiCo NWs core-shell structure on a three-dimensional(3D) diatomite(De) surface and subsequently calcined at different temperatures. The samples calcined at 400 °C showed excellent EWA performance with a minimum reflection loss(RL min ) of −82 dB at a matched thickness of 7.1 mm and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB) of 9.53 GHz at a thickness of 8 mm. By adjusting the thickness, full coverage of X-band and Ku-band can be achieved. The conduction loss of the 1D material and the impedance matching of the bionic substrate De are considered to jointly contribute to the microwave attenuation capability. This combination of using bionic materials and 1D transition metal oxides provide a viable strategy for addressing electromagnetic pollution.