Flower-like 3D MoS2 microsphere/2D C3N4 nanosheet composite for highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of nitrite

Nitrite pollution poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. In this study, a reliable and selective electrochemical (EC) sensor was developed for the quantitative determination of nitrite by combining flower-like three-dimensional (3D) MoS 2 microspheres with two-dimensional (2D) C 3 N 4 nanosheets. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of MoS 2 and C 3 N 4 , the 3D MoS 2 /2D C 3 N 4 nanocomposite displayed numerous active sites, a 3D mesoporous structure, high conductivity and excellent catalytic activity. The 3D MoS 2 /2D C 3 N 4 -modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited a superior electrocatalytic activity toward nitrite oxidation, with a wider linear detection range (0.1–1100 μM), a lower detection limit (LOD) (0.065 μM, S/N = 3), outstanding stability, remarkable reproducibility and strong selectivity. Furthermore, the nitrite EC sensor was successfully applied to detect actual food and environmental samples involving sausage, pickled vegetables, river water and tap water, thus demonstrating the potential of the prepared 3D MoS 2 /2D C 3 N 4 /GCE for food analysis and environmental monitoring.