Near-infrared light-mediated CuS@Rutin nanocomposites for the PTT/PDT synergistic treatment in bacterial infections

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) and heat-based photothermal therapy (PTT) have garnered significant attention for their non-resistant and minimally invasive characteristics in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the excessive generation of ROS during treatment can lead to persistent levels of oxidative stress, causing irreversible damage to surrounding tissues. In this study, we successfully synthesized a multifunctional nanocomposite consisting of hollow interior and porous surface nanostructured copper sulfide (Nano CuS) loaded with Rutin, a compound known for its ROS scavenging properties. This nanocomposite effectively eliminates bacteria through PDT and PTT in the initial stage, while simultaneously releasing Rutin to clear ROS at the site of inflammation. This dual therapeutic approach provides antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising strategy for combating bacterial infections. Overall, our synthesized nanomaterial demonstrates excellent efficacy in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory applications, offering new insights for future developments in infection treatments.