A fast response hydrogen sensor based on the heterojunction of MXene and SnO2 nanosheets for lithium-ion battery failure detection

During the process of lithium-ion battery failure, the discharge of hydrogen indicates that the electrolyte has leaked and is being electrolyzed, which is a sign of thermal runaway in lithium batteries . In this work, stannic oxide (SnO 2 ) nanosheets was formed by high-temperature calcination and compounded with Ti 3 C 2 Tx (MXene) in different proportions. The morphology, microstructure and element composition of the material were characterized. The sensing response of MXene-SnO 2 for hydrogen (H 2 ) at the most suitable temperature was explored. The test results show that compared with single SnO 2 , MXene-SnO 2 composite sensor has higher response, shorter response/recovery time, stable repeatability and excellent selectivity. Finally, through density functional theory (DFT) calculation, it may be caused by the microstructure of SnO 2 and MXene synergism in the effect of forming heterostructures between the two materials in response to hydrogen gas .