A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanohybrid fluorescent sensor designed based on an osmotic mechanism for specific detection and intelligent scavenging of magnesium ions

Background Mg 2+ has long been recognized as one of the most vital cations due to its diverse physiological and pathological roles, making it indispensable in both biomedical and biological research. Organic fluorescent sensors are commonly employed for Mg 2+ detection, but they often lack high selectivity and exhibit poor hydrophilicity , limiting their biomedical applications. Results Herein, we introduced a novel organic-inorganic hybrid fluorescence sensor, PFHBS, constructed on the POSS nanoplatforms. The efficient connection between PEGylated POSS and the small molecule sensor FHBS through Click chemistry enhances the selectivity and reduces interference, making this chemical sensor ideal for the accurate detection of Mg 2+ . Furthermore, the incorporation of POSS amplifies the ligand field effect of FHBS, making it more conducive to Mg 2+ capture. The modification of PEG chains enhances the sensor's amphiphilicity, facilitating efficient cell penetration and effective Mg 2+ detection at the biological level. Significance Finally, relying on spontaneous permeation, coupled with its strong ligand field effect and excellent cell permeability , the chemosensor demonstrates the capability to intelligently remove excess Mg 2+ from the body. It has been successfully applied to mitigate renal overload resulting from acute Mg 2+ poisoning.