Facile synthesis of ammonium trivanadate(V)/nitrogen doped carbon composites with high catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

2,5-Diformylfuran (DFF), arising as an oxidation product of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), has garnered significant interest owing to its versatile range of applications. In this study, the desired catalyst of NH 4 V 3 O 8 /N-C was successfully prepared and investigated by various characterization methods. A systematic effect of reaction conditions was conducted, revealing that under 5 bar of oxygen pressure, DFF was synthesized from HMF selective oxidation using the NH 4 V 3 O 8 /N-C catalyst. This transformation was achieved within 2 h at 120 °C, exhibiting an impressive DFF selectivity of 97.8%. During the recycling experiment, the catalytic efficiency remained consistently high even after being employed for eight cycles.